At the instacare, they did blood work which revealed that her white blood cell count (WBC) was 85,000 when normally they should be at about 3,500. Ashtyn was sent to the children’s hospital and everyone knew that her cancer was back. Ashtyn was admitted to the PICU because her blood was thick and she was at a high-risk for a stroke.
After three hours in the PICU, two oncologists came down and confirmed that she had relapsed with Acute Undifferentiated Leukemia (AUL) after 3 ½ years of remission. Her bone marrow was 100% her brother, but her new cancer cells were still like her other cancer cells. This meant that there was a cell that survived her first treatment that had just started to divide. Cancer cells made up about 85% of her bone marrow.
Ashtyn began the first round of chemo on October 12, 2016. She needed red blood cell and platelet transfusions but because there were so many cancer cells in her bone marrow, she could not have them until the chemo started to kill some of the cancer cells.
On October 17, Ashtyn was transferred to the ICU in septic shock with typhlitis and gram-positive bacteria in her blood. The doctors didn’t know if she would make it through the night and many of them thought she was certainly going to die. Ashtyn had her breathing tube taken out on October 20, but she seemed delirious and they were worried about organ damage due to her not being able to get an adequate blood supply to her organs when she was in septic shock.
As she recovered, she experienced extreme abdominal pain and her liver was not functioning well. She was jaundiced and her bilirubin counts were way too high. Her kidney function was also too low, only 60% at one point. On October 27, Ashtyn had a bone marrow biopsy to make sure the cancer wasn’t growing and to see how many cancer cells were still there after the first round of chemo. The biopsy showed that the cancer cells had decreased to 0.9%. After a month in the hospital, Ashtyn got to go home in mid-November. Her bilirubin continued to go down and her kidney function improved. In early December, Ashtyn started the second round of chemo.
On January 4, 2017, Ashtyn had another bone marrow biopsy to see if there were still cancer cells left. They were hoping to find that she had 0.00% cancer cells in her bone marrow because then she could start preparing for another bone marrow transplant. Also, the longer leukemia takes to get into remission, the more resistant to treatment it becomes. Her biopsy showed that there were still 0.02% leukemia cells in her bone marrow so she would need another round of chemo before they could start preparing for a bone marrow transplant.
After her third round of chemo, Ashtyn had a bone marrow biopsy on February 7th to see if she was cancer-free and could go ahead with the bone marrow transplant. On February 13, Ashtyn and her family found out that she was cancer-free and had 0% leukemia cells in her bone marrow.
On March 1, Ashtyn had surgery to have a broviac line placed in preparation for the transplant. The next day, Ashtyn was admitted to the children’s hospital to start preparing for her bone marrow transplant.
On March 8, Ashtyn’s dad went to the OR and had 1 liter of his stem cells and blood extracted to give to Ashtyn. Ashtyn had her second bone marrow transplant later that day. Ashtyn engrafted on March 25 (17 days post-transplant). Ashtyn got to ring the bell signifying the end of treatment on March 31 and shortly afterwards she got to go home. After being home for just 25 hours, her mom noticed that she felt warm. She was taken back to the children’s hospital. Her labs showed that she had two viruses: Cytomegalovirus (CMV) and Human Herpes Virus 6 (HHV-6). Ashtyn was able to fight off the viruses and went home on April 21 after 51 days in the hospital.
February 13, 2018, Ashtyn had a routine monthly check-up. Her complete blood counts were abnormal even though she felt perfectly healthy. Her platelets, red blood cells, and white blood cells were very low. They were worried that she had relapsed so she had a bone marrow biopsy to test of relapse or an infection.
The next day (February 14), Ashtyn and her family got the news that she had relapsed for the second time. Because Ashtyn’s leukemia doesn’t have the usual markers or characteristics, she had never qualified for a clinical trial before. A study drug called Venetoclax was made available on November 11, 2017 and she qualified for the study. Venetoclax is supposed to make leukemia cells more susceptible to chemotherapy.
Ashtyn and her mom traveled to Seattle in the beginning of March so she could get the drug along with chemo drugs she had had before. On March 8, 2018 (exactly one year after her second bone marrow transplant), Ashtyn started the Venetoclax. She was only one of two patients at Seattle Children’s Hospital receiving this drug at the time.
After 21 days of Venetoclax given alone, her bone marrow was tested to see if the drug by itself had an effect on leukemia cells. When she started the study drug, she had 93% leukemia cells in her bone marrow. After the 21 days, Ashtyn had 8% leukemia cells in her bone marrow. They had not expected the drug to have such a dramatic effect when used alone. She would continue to take the Venetoclax and add three chemo drugs.
The particular bone marrow transplant they were hoping to give Ashtyn would include umbilical cord donor and a study chemotherapy drug called Treosulfan. She needed to be in remission to receive the study drug. Her bone marrow aspirate back in April showed that she had 0% leukemia cells in her bone marrow, but she only had 10% cells in her bone marrow and the study requires 25% and 0.0% leukemia cells.
In May, she had another bone marrow biopsy in the hope that her bone marrow would have enough cells. A few days later, they got the results of Ashtyn’s bone marrow biopsy and her bone marrow had enough cells, but leukemia cells were found. Her bone marrow transplant that was scheduled for May 29th was canceled.
Ashtyn had the same regimen that she had in April starting May 31st. She also started steroids that caused her to gain 20 pounds.
Ashtyn had her bone marrow tested again to see if she qualified for the bone marrow transplant. It showed that she had 25% cellularity in her bone marrow and 0.00% leukemia cells!
On July 31st, Ashtyn started preparing for her bone marrow transplant from an umbilical cord donor. Throughout her preparations and transplant, Ashtyn was very achy and in a lot of pain. On August 5, Ashtyn had radiation therapy. She had her THIRD bone marrow transplant on August 6, 2018 at the age of 17.
Ashtyn has dealt with several infections with no immune system, kidney issues on the verge of needing dialysis, breathing problems, delirium likely caused by medications, pain, ICU stays, sleep apnea, and heart worries.
Today is day +33 and Ashtyn still hasn't engrafted. If she doesn't engraft by day +42 then they will consider her bone marrow transplant a fail (called graft failure).